آزمون Reading-Advance کوتاه 30 (رایگان)

(Question). Both as a line of work and as a discipline, economics lost substantial status during the recession of 1984-85. The crisis that seized the western developed countries, including the US, was of a character not to be found in economics textbooks: rate of inflation exceeding 20% a year attached with diminishing production and high rates of unemployment. Up till now, peacetime price rises had been linked with high employment and an overactive economy, while high rates of unemployment went with decline or misery. The next combination was rightly called stagflation. According to the passage, the term stagflation means ................... (DYA)

(Question). Political crime is different from everyday crime only in the motivation of the offender. A bank robbery, theft, drug smuggling, kidnapping, or murder is no more a crime for being politically motivated. In this perspective, terrorism is defined as ''aggravated aggression for political ends''; this differentiates terrorism both from vandalism and from crimes of violence in which no political motivation is detected. Political crime is, therefore, a wider term than terrorism, which is an acute form of it. The connection between the two is as it is between the whole and the part. A title for this passage could be ......................... (DYA)

(Question) The Amazon basin is a huge area in Brazil. It has always attracted businessmen on account of its valuable and rich resources such as rubber, coffee and cocoa. However, it is not easy to make money by starting an enterprise there. As the Brazilians say, ''If you want to succeed, you must believe in the Amazon, and you must be young.'' many rich men, including Henry Zolan, have poured money into the area and gone away with nothing. The author points out that many businessmen ............. (DYA)

(Question) As industrial developments have distorted production methods, types of automatic equipment and varieties of outputs, society has begun to be familiar with economic progress involving not only changes in machinery but also in man-not only expenditures on equipment but also on people. Asset in people makes it possible to take advantage of technical progress as well as to keep on that progress. Upgrading in health makes assets in education more satisfying by extending life expectations. Asset in education expands and extends knowledge, causing advances that raise productivity and improve health. The passage is mainly dealing with ......................... (DYA)

(Question) As industrial developments have distorted production methods, types of automatic equipment and varieties of outputs, society has begun to be familiar with economic progress involving not only changes in machinery but also in man-not only expenditures on equipment but also on people. Asset in people makes it possible to take advantage of technical progress as well as to keep on that progress. Upgrading in health makes assets in education more satisfying by extending life expectations. Asset in education expands and extends knowledge, causing advances that raise productivity and improve health. According to the passage, ..................... (DYA)

(Question) As industrial developments have distorted production methods, types of automatic equipment and varieties of outputs, society has begun to be familiar with economic progress involving not only changes in machinery but also in man-not only expenditures on equipment but also on people. Asset in people makes it possible to take advantage of technical progress as well as to keep on that progress. Upgrading in health makes assets in education more satisfying by extending life expectations. Asset in education expands and extends knowledge, causing advances that raise productivity and improve health. To the author, asset in education .................. (DYA)

(Question). Political crime is different from everyday crime only in the motivation of the offender. A bank robbery, theft, drug smuggling, kidnapping, or murder is no more a crime for being politically motivated. In this perspective, terrorism is defined as ''aggravated aggression for political ends''; this differentiates terrorism both from vandalism and from crimes of violence in which no political motivation is detected. Political crime is, therefore, a wider term than terrorism, which is an acute form of it. The connection between the two is as it is between the whole and the part. The writer argues that a crime is political .................. (DYA)

(Question) The Amazon basin is a huge area in Brazil. It has always attracted businessmen on account of its valuable and rich resources such as rubber, coffee and cocoa. However, it is not easy to make money by starting an enterprise there. As the Brazilians say, ''If you want to succeed, you must believe in the Amazon, and you must be young.'' many rich men, including Henry Zolan, have poured money into the area and gone away with nothing. One can understand from the text that the Amazon basin ............. (DYA)

(Question) Skiing is a popular sport, enjoyed by people of all ages. The best skiers, that is, the professionals, have until recently been Europeans. The Austrians, the French, and the German have generally been the fastest in international competitions. Recently, however, skiers from other countries have also come to the fore and demonstrated their skills. As a result, interest in the sport has become worldwide, and this has led to a highly competitive ski industry. The author emphasizes that the development of the ski industry in the world ............. (DYA)

(Question). All of us would agree that we know a number of different things. If challenged to give a catalogue of what you know, you might say, for example, that you know the Italian and French languages, how to swim, how to drive a bus, how to analyze a chemical substance, that you know some history and some geography, that you know a number of different people, and so on. The list even in general terms like this would be a very long one, and it would not be possible, for practical purposes, to set out such a catalogue in detail. But one thing is obvious from the few examples I have given; the word ''know'' is commonly used in many different senses. The key point of the passage is .................... (DYA)

(Question). The atom bomb and still more the hydrogen bomb have caused new fears, involving new doubts as to the effects of science on human life. Some eminent authorities, including Einstein, have pointed out that there is a danger of extinction of all life on Earth. I do not myself think that this will happen in the next war, but I think it may well happen in the next one but if that is allowed to occur. If this expectation is correct, we have to choose within the next fifty years or so, between two alternatives. Either we must allow the human race to exterminate itself, or we must forgo certain liberties which are very dear to us. The writer believes that the only way to avoid war ......................... (DYA)

(Question). Secularization, as it has developed since the Middle Ages, has consisted in substituting for supernatural and theological explanations naturalistic and reasonable ones. This change is one of the most profound, affecting mankind; and forms the basis of modern democratic government and of our scientifictechnological age. In a society based on the divine right of kings, there could be no genuinely democratic government in the modern sense. Democracy is built on the plan that the individual has a right to judge political issues for himself. In the development of modern society, ..................... (DYA)

(Question). The atom bomb and still more the hydrogen bomb have caused new fears, involving new doubts as to the effects of science on human life. Some eminent authorities, including Einstein, have pointed out that there is a danger of extinction of all life on Earth. I do not myself think that this will happen in the next war, but I think it may well happen in the next one but if that is allowed to occur. If this expectation is correct, we have to choose within the next fifty years or so, between two alternatives. Either we must allow the human race to exterminate itself, or we must forgo certain liberties which are very dear to us. A suitable title for this text could be ......................... (DYA)

(Question). Both as a line of work and as a discipline, economics lost substantial status during the recession of 1984-85. The crisis that seized the western developed countries, including the US, was of a character not to be found in economics textbooks: rate of inflation exceeding 20% a year attached with diminishing production and high rates of unemployment. Up till now, peacetime price rises had been linked with high employment and an overactive economy, while high rates of unemployment went with decline or misery. The next combination was rightly called stagflation. It is said in the text that the economic crisis of the mid-1980s .................. (DYA)

(Question) The Amazon basin is a huge area in Brazil. It has always attracted businessmen on account of its valuable and rich resources such as rubber, coffee and cocoa. However, it is not easy to make money by starting an enterprise there. As the Brazilians say, ''If you want to succeed, you must believe in the Amazon, and you must be young.'' many rich men, including Henry Zolan, have poured money into the area and gone away with nothing. According to the text, there has been a great deal of economic interest in the Amazon basin ............. (DYA)

(Question) Skiing is a popular sport, enjoyed by people of all ages. The best skiers, that is, the professionals, have until recently been Europeans. The Austrians, the French, and the German have generally been the fastest in international competitions. Recently, however, skiers from other countries have also come to the fore and demonstrated their skills. As a result, interest in the sport has become worldwide, and this has led to a highly competitive ski industry. According to the text, as a sport, skiing ............. (DYA)

(Question). All of us would agree that we know a number of different things. If challenged to give a catalogue of what you know, you might say, for example, that you know the Italian and French languages, how to swim, how to drive a bus, how to analyze a chemical substance, that you know some history and some geography, that you know a number of different people, and so on. The list even in general terms like this would be a very long one, and it would not be possible, for practical purposes, to set out such a catalogue in detail. But one thing is obvious from the few examples I have given; the word ''know'' is commonly used in many different senses. It is shown in the text that ................... (DYA)

(Question). Secularization, as it has developed since the Middle Ages, has consisted in substituting for supernatural and theological explanations naturalistic and reasonable ones. This change is one of the most profound, affecting mankind; and forms the basis of modern democratic government and of our scientifictechnological age. In a society based on the divine right of kings, there could be no genuinely democratic government in the modern sense. Democracy is built on the plan that the individual has a right to judge political issues for himself. It is argued that the process of secularization ..................... (DYA)

(Question). The atom bomb and still more the hydrogen bomb have caused new fears, involving new doubts as to the effects of science on human life. Some eminent authorities, including Einstein, have pointed out that there is a danger of extinction of all life on Earth. I do not myself think that this will happen in the next war, but I think it may well happen in the next one but if that is allowed to occur. If this expectation is correct, we have to choose within the next fifty years or so, between two alternatives. Either we must allow the human race to exterminate itself, or we must forgo certain liberties which are very dear to us. It is stated that ................... (DYA)

(Question). Secularization, as it has developed since the Middle Ages, has consisted in substituting for supernatural and theological explanations naturalistic and reasonable ones. This change is one of the most profound, affecting mankind; and forms the basis of modern democratic government and of our scientifictechnological age. In a society based on the divine right of kings, there could be no genuinely democratic government in the modern sense. Democracy is built on the plan that the individual has a right to judge political issues for himself. According to the text, with the rise of democracy ..................... (DYA)

(Question). Both as a line of work and as a discipline, economics lost substantial status during the recession of 1984-85. The crisis that seized the western developed countries, including the US, was of a character not to be found in economics textbooks: rate of inflation exceeding 20% a year attached with diminishing production and high rates of unemployment. Up till now, peacetime price rises had been linked with high employment and an overactive economy, while high rates of unemployment went with decline or misery. The next combination was rightly called stagflation. The main idea stressed in the passage is ................... (DYA)

(Question). Political crime is different from everyday crime only in the motivation of the offender. A bank robbery, theft, drug smuggling, kidnapping, or murder is no more a crime for being politically motivated. In this perspective, terrorism is defined as ''aggravated aggression for political ends''; this differentiates terrorism both from vandalism and from crimes of violence in which no political motivation is detected. Political crime is, therefore, a wider term than terrorism, which is an acute form of it. The connection between the two is as it is between the whole and the part. It is argued in the passage that ..................... (DYA)

(Question) Skiing is a popular sport, enjoyed by people of all ages. The best skiers, that is, the professionals, have until recently been Europeans. The Austrians, the French, and the German have generally been the fastest in international competitions. Recently, however, skiers from other countries have also come to the fore and demonstrated their skills. As a result, interest in the sport has become worldwide, and this has led to a highly competitive ski industry. It is clear from the text that the European countries ............. (DYA)

(Question). All of us would agree that we know a number of different things. If challenged to give a catalogue of what you know, you might say, for example, that you know the Italian and French languages, how to swim, how to drive a bus, how to analyze a chemical substance, that you know some history and some geography, that you know a number of different people, and so on. The list even in general terms like this would be a very long one, and it would not be possible, for practical purposes, to set out such a catalogue in detail. But one thing is obvious from the few examples I have given; the word ''know'' is commonly used in many different senses. A suitable title for this text could be .................... (DYA)